Spravato is the brand name for esketamine nasal spray. Its current US label covers treatment-resistant depression in adults, either on its own or with an oral antidepressant. A separate indication covers depressive symptoms in adults with major depressive disorder who have acute suicidal thoughts or behaviour; that use requires an oral antidepressant. These indications should not be merged into one promise. Spravato has not been shown to prevent suicide or reduce suicidal thoughts or behaviour, and it does not replace hospitalization when that is needed.
Assessment reviews the diagnosis, previous treatments and whether they were taken at an adequate dose and duration. The clinician checks blood pressure, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular history, psychosis, substance-use risks, pregnancy and interacting medicines. Aneurysmal vascular disease, arteriovenous malformation, a history of intracerebral hemorrhage and hypersensitivity are labelled contraindications. Insurer criteria can differ from the clinical label.
Esketamine affects NMDA receptors in the brain. Its antidepressant mechanism is not fully understood. It differs from standard oral antidepressants and from IV ketamine. Feeling dissociated during a session is not a test of whether the depression treatment will work. The clinician judges benefit from symptoms, daily function and safety over time.
The boxed warning covers sedation, dissociation, respiratory depression, abuse and misuse, and suicidal thoughts and behaviours associated with antidepressants in younger people. Do not drive, operate machinery or undertake activities requiring full alertness until the next day after a restful sleep. Arrange a ride home even if you feel ready to drive. Blood-pressure elevation can make a session unsuitable. Pregnancy may harm the fetus and breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment. Urgent worsening depression or a suicide crisis needs immediate clinical or emergency care rather than waiting for the next session.